Pasar al contenido principal
  • Contributor Community
  • Login

Formulario de búsqueda

Global Disaster Preparedness Center
  • Comencemos
  • Actividades
  • Temas
  • Biblioteca
  • Países
  • Herramientas

Usted está aquí

  • Inicio
  • Temas
  • 5. Community-led Planning

5. Community-led Planning

Tweet Widget Compartir en Facebook Linkedin Share Button Correo electrónico logo
Contribute

Overview

Note: This is a part of a comprehensive step-by-step approach for creating a Community Based Disaster Risk Reduction (CBDRR) program. Check out the main topic page, CBDRR Practitioners Guidelines, to learn more about the full guidelines. 

Community-led planning uses the analysis of the VCA to prioritize actions to address a community’s vulnerabilities. These are outlined in a disaster risk reduction plan. Sometimes this plan is simply the result of the ‘change, influence, transform’ VCA exercise where actions under each column are prioritized. Other times it is a more elaborate action plan with sub-sets of actions, timelines, responsible parties, budget, etc. The role of the RCRC (or other external partners) is to facilitate the process, advise on the prioritisation of activities and other components of the plan, and provide specific technical expertise (e.g. on micro-mitigation projects) as required. In communities at risk for sudden onset disasters, DRR Plans are often complemented by development of community response and contingency plans (CR & CPs). 

Figure 1. Project Design Cycle

« Step 4. Vulnerability & capacity assessments « — » Step6. Baseline surveys »

What do I need to know?

Basics

Why is this important?

DRR Plan - A risk reduction plan or action plan forms the basis for on-going community-based DRR activities and is a key tool in the development of community ownership. A risk reduction plan provides concrete goals for the community to achieve over a set period of time. It outlines which actions are of greater priority and helps communities to focus their time and resources where the need is greatest. Prioritization of activities is done transparently by the whole community. This open debate about certain problems within community groups often leads to a shared understanding and consensus about how to address them. Oftentimes, communities find that they have more capacity to address certain challenges than they had initially believed.

Community Response and Contingency Plan - Through analysis, planning and preparedness for different scenarios, the community response plan model helps communities to be better prepared and includes likely scenarios, local contact information, resources, evacuation plan, roles and responsibilities, protocols, etc. The CR & CPs will be disseminated to relevant stakeholders, and are usually linked to government response plans.

What are key questions which need to be considered in community-led planning?

In addition to the questions below, please also see Chapter 7 on Community-led Implementation to ensure community-based planning is supported in a comprehensive way. Keep in mind, these are iterative processes and some steps will need to be repeated in communities as the work expands.

For DRR Plans

  • Is there community consensus? How should actions be prioritised?
  • Is the disaster risk reduction plan achievable within the community capacity?
  • What external resources are needed to ensure the plans objectives are achievable? Does the community have a reasonable plan to obtain those resources?
  • How will the disaster risk reduction plan be disseminated to rest of the community and external stakeholders?
  • Has the community discussed what actions or results should be sustained over time?  What are some options to address sustainability?
  • Is specific technical expertise required? Can this be provided through partnerships with external actors?
  • How do community-level disaster risk reduction plans relate to wider regional DRR plans or policy – or municipal or district plans in urban areas?
  • Has the branch discussed when and how they would transition their facilitation role back to the community? It is difficult to discuss transition of roles during start up but it should be raised.

Community Response and Contingency Plans

  • What are the main threats faced by the community?
  • Are specific contingency plans outlined to respond to different threats? 
  • Are individuals’ roles and responsibilities clearly established within the plan?
  • Are links to regional and national plans – and to municipal and district plans in urban areas – specified?
  • Are links to early warning systems defined?
  • Do plans include a strategy for dissemination and testing (e.g. regularly scheduled simulations)? 

What are the basic steps in supporting community planning? 

  • Develop an outreach and advocacy strategy as part of the community DRR and response plans.
  • Review local government development plans to identify potential DRR implications.
  • Meet with local government planning and emergency management agencies to review community DRR and response plans and their links to local development plans; also see how the government plan can be modified (as needed) to support what the community has identified; also see if the local government can support or even fund the community plan.
  • Participate in public reviews of local development plans; these can be important venues to advocate on key DRR needs.

Risk reduction and community response plans should be disseminated to the community and external stakeholders.  They should be integrated with local government development plans, and procedures for regular review and updating should be put in place. 

What are some success factors or key determinants?

All of the success factors and key determinants applicable to all steps (at the beginning of these guidelines) are important for community-led planning.  In addition as with some other steps, community-led planning really benefits from support by an experienced facilitator, particularly one that is aware of the potential solutions that may have worked well in similar settings (perhaps from a dedicated catalogue or “list of good examples of mitigation actions”).   

The experienced facilitator will take their time and ensure a quality, consultative approach; this may include the facilitator sharing ideas and offering input so that the community can decide if such solutions make sense and could be adapted there. They will also ensure enough time is given to helping the community assess the utility and relevance of activities, and prioritize based on cost, potential benefits and other criteria important to them. 

Other considerations

The integration of community-level risk reduction plans into local government development or disaster risk reduction plans is also critical to long-term sustainability of actions and impacts. An absence of links between community’s response plans and those of different levels of government (e.g. sub-district, district) will have an impact on the effectiveness of plans, which can undermine the community’s preparedness capacity.

When done correctly the community itself drives the development of a risk reduction plan with facilitation and technical advice from the RCRC or external partners.

Documenting results of community planning

At the end of this step the community will have identified goals (or objectives) and priority actions; they may have also decided on a timeline for implementation and assigned roles and responsibilities and possibly even a budget; this can all be summarized in a DRR plan as noted. This documentation is important as it will help guide implementation including the baseline, monitoring, evaluation and reporting.  The RC team will also use the information summarized across communities to update the overall programme plan and strategy and inform the programme baseline.

Good examples

To be included later based on user need. OFDA St. Lucia response suggested as a potential example. 

Me gustaría Contribuir

  • Add a Comment
  • Añadir un Recurso
  • Give Feedback or Get Help

Resources

Get the latest videos and photos, case studies, and training materials contributed by practitioners from around the globe. Visit our Resource Library for more.

Resources

Videos (3)

Building capacities: Community and branch development

Building capacities: Community and branch development

Building capacities: Participatory planning

Building capacities: Participatory planning

NRRC Flagship 4: Community Based Disaster Risk Reduction

NRRC Flagship 4: Community Based Disaster Risk Reduction
View all 3 on 5. Community-led Planning
Case Studies (10)
Building resilient and safe communities against poverty and disaster
This study examines the institutional networks required to link processes of community-level deliberation to city and national level processes of decision-making and implementation, in the context of urban governance, community development and climate change. In 2010, the Philippine government...
Disaster Preparedness for Safer School Project, Bangladesh
Bangladesh is one of the most disaster prone countries in the world and typically affected by disasters including floods, cyclones, river erosion, drought, tornadoes, landslides, and earthquakes. School children are considered the most vulnerable population group as a result of poor school...
Climate change adapation in Indonesia
The Indonesian Red Cross (Palang Merah Indonesia, PMI) is working with communities to help them understand the basic science of climate change and use this knowledge to adapt to the consequent changing weather and nature of disasters. PMI has listened to local concerns and as a result supports a...
Building Local Emergency Response and Disaster Mitigation committees - Lebanon
Despite political challenges in Lebanon, disaster mitigation committees in Marjeyoun district are helping people prepare for disasters. Support was provided by World Vision Lebanon.One in a series of video case studies created by the Global Network for Disaster Reduction. GNDR, 2011.
Community Based Disaster Risk Reduction in Sri Lanka: A Compendium of Good Practices
The compendium presents good practices of the community based disaster risk reduction (CBDRR) approach implemented under a Disaster Preparedness project in the North and East of Sri Lanka, supported by the Disaster Preparedness ECHO (DIPECHO). Learning drawn from the project can be replicated and...
View all 10 on 5. Community-led Planning
Recent (29)
Enacting Humanitarian Culture: How Technical Communication Facilitates Successful Humanitarian Work
Purpose: Technical communicators should look beyond for-profit industry to develop a fuller understanding of how technical communication can support, enable, and constitute successful work practices. To illustrate, we report a subset of findings regarding how technical and professional...
Violence in the City: A Systematic Review of the Drivers of Violence against Displaced Populations in Urban Crisis and Post-crisis Settings
This report published by IRC provides a Systematic Review of the Drivers of Violence against Displaced Populations in Urban Crisis and Post-crisis Settings. Most urban refugees and those internally displaced are relocated to already fragile communities characterised by over-crowding, scarce...
Building resilient and safe communities against poverty and disaster
This study examines the institutional networks required to link processes of community-level deliberation to city and national level processes of decision-making and implementation, in the context of urban governance, community development and climate change. In 2010, the Philippine government...
URBZ - user-generated cities
Based on the belief that residents are experts in their neighborhoods, URBZ organizes collaborative workshops, hands-on research projects, and interactive solution sharing on the web. URBZ regularly organizes participatory workshops that last 2 to 7 days where local residents work in small teams...
Towards Safer School Construction - A community-based approach
This publication synthesizes the lessons from past community-based school construction programs and projects around the globe. It provides guidance for engaging communities in mobilisation, planning, design, construction and post-construction maintenance of safer schools. The approach seeks to...
View all 29 on 5. Community-led Planning

Recursos

Explore Resources by TAGS

mapping (1), simulation (1), DIY (1), community committees (2), gender (2), communications strategies (1), youth volunteers (1), pagsusuri ng pinsala (1), Emerging Technology (1), youth (1)

Explore Resources by TYPES

Assessment or evaluation (1), Awareness material (3), Case study (10), Game (2), Guidance material (4), Report (7), Research (2), Video (3)

View all Resources Related to this TOPIC

View All (29)
Does this information help you?
  • arriba
    50%
  • down
    50%
Unrated
  • Inicie sesión para comentar

Únase de la Comunidad

Keep up to date on the latest issues, and have the opportunity to share your knowledge and experience with experts in the field.
I'm already a member Iniciar Sesión

Colaboradores

Imagen de miguel aguirre
Miguel Aguirre
Imagen de jessica
Jessica Ports Robbins
Imagen de bhaskell
Bonnie Haskell
Imagen de manyjgeorge
Mandy George
Imagen de estelaoliva
estela oliva

Related Groups

There are no groups associated with this topic.

Historias de Preparación

Leer Todas

Asistencia Alimentaria para la Integración Social en Santander

Biciescuela: herramienta para mitigar las consecuencias de la violencia urbana en las comunidades

Asistencia Alimentaria para la Integración Social en Santander

Comparte tus historias Tus ideas pueden ayudar a salvar vidas y preparar comunidades.
Supported by: American Red Cross International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies

El GDPC es un centro de referencia internacional creado para construir una comunidad global para la innovación y el aprendizaje en la preparación para desastres.

  • Knowledge
    • Temas
    • Peligros
  • Learning
    • Resources
    • Groups
  • Services
    • Actividades
    • Toolkits
  • Connect
    • Email

Follow Us

Follow Us

© Copyright 2018  The American Red Cross | The Global Disaster Preparedness Center is managed by the American Red Cross.   |  Privacy Policy  | Terms of Use  | Sitemap